Research on Machining Technology of Ceramic Broken Body Engraving Based on Numerical Control Technology-3

Research on Machining Technology of Ceramic Broken Body Engraving Based on Numerical Control Technology-3

Feed system

From the design idea of horizontal three-axis engraving machine, the feed system includes four parts: stepper motor drive machine, stepper motor, ball screw and linear guide rail.

The horizontal three-axis engraving machine studied in this paper adopts the stepper motor feed system, which combines with the mechanical driving structure to make the cutting tools and bearings move according to the established way and complete the predetermined engraving work of the ceramic body. On the one hand, the stepper motor feed system of Y and Z linear axis includes stepper motor driver, stepper motor, ball screw and other mechanical transmission structures. In practice, through the transmission function of ball screw, the rotating motion can be changed into linear motion, which effectively improves the ceramic blank. At the same time, due to the smaller friction between the ball screw threads, the rotation of the Y and Z axes will be easier, and the greater torque can be transmitted to ensure that the engraving position is more accurate. On the other hand, the stepper motor feed system of X rotary shaft consists of three parts: stepper motor driver, stepper motor and harmonic reducer. Among them, the harmonic reducer is mainly composed of a rigid gear with an inner gear ring, a flexible gear with an outer gear ring and a wave generator. In the actual operation of the X rotating shaft, there are usually three kinds of work: wave generator initiative, steel wheel fixation and flexible wheel output mode. Take the active working mode of wave generator as an example. When the wave generator is active, the CAM rotates in the flex wheel to promote the controllable elastic deformation between the flex wheel and the thin-wall bearing. At this time, the teeth of the flex wheel complete the working process of tooth alignment and tooth separation during the deformation process, ensuring that the long axis of the wave generator is fully aligned, and the teeth in the direction of the short axis are completely pushed apart, effectively ensuring the return of the X axis turn the precision to realize the fine work of ceramic body engraving processing. Especially for large quantities of ceramic body engraving, the general horizontal engraving machine for 300 pieces of ceramic body (circumference size of about 750mm) engraving, if directly driven by the stepping elevator rotation, even if the use of 16 fine fractions, it is difficult to achieve high rotation accuracy. However, through the access of the harmonic reducer, the rotation ratio of the X rotary shaft can reach 80-600, and it can also be engaged with the X rotary shaft without backlash, which has the advantages of large transmission speed ratio, high transmission efficiency, strong bearing capacity and high transmission accuracy.